Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract The aim of this research is to study the sociological problematic of family conversation, which was collected using survey method and questionnaire technique. The statistical population was citizens in District 3 and 15 of Tehran and the statistical sample was 384 people, selected by cluster sampling method. The findings showed that the level of conversation in the family is average (40.4). There is a significant relationship between personality, family, economic, social and cultural barriers and family conversation. Also, in structural equations, the level of relationship between each of the problematic indicators and family conversation are respectively: personality barriers (0.42), family barriers (0.54), social barriers (0.42), cultural barriers (0.22), and economic barriers (0.55). In total, the indicators of this research affect (0.83) of the factors of problematic and family conversation, and the remaining (0.17) is affected by other factors.

Abstract
Abstract:
The emergence of inclusive and income-generating social networks such as Instagram in today's era, which has provided the ability to display and share daily life events for its users; This has caused us to face the novel and new phenomenon of "virtual working children" or "Instagram working children", children who actually work as virtual workers under the command of their employers, including their parents or first-degree relatives, in these virtual social networks. Therefore, the sociological analysis of the social contexts of the formation and emergence of this phenomenon in society has been the main goal of this research. The research method is qualitative and based on foundation data, and the subjects were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. The participants are actually the parents of children who, as their employers, manage their work-advertising activities in the Instagram virtual network. Therefore, 20 parents answered the researcher's questions through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The type of activities and tasks done by children on the Instagram social network are classified into three categories: A- Advertising works, B- Demonstration works and C- Service works. The data from this research was extracted after the three stages of coding, including open, central and selective, a total of 255 concepts, 22 sub-categories and 4 main categories. The categories are: "virtual bio-business, virtual child, fluid identity and the ultimate desirability of parent-centered" and finally by combining the obtained models. The core category of "virtual slave child" was introduced. A type of modern slavery and virtual exploitation that is carried out in the streets by street children to provide a minimum livelihood and survive, but in cyber space with the aim of earning millions, becoming a celebrity and displaying all aspects of their lives by the parents-employers of virtual children. It is visible.

Abstract The family has undergone far-reaching changes in the recent decades. The development of modern elements has increased the rate of these changes, and caused some problems for the family. Using a sociological approach, the present reseach has studied the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the emergence of changes in marital relationships in Tehran, Region No.1. For collecting the data, we did a survey and conducted a questionnair. The population of the study was the resident couples in the mentioned region. The sample population is was selected by using the multi- stage claster method. Finally, we used SPSS software to analyze the gathered data. The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between virtual social networks (independent variable) and emotional divorce, identity incompatibility, Practical permitting, marital dissatisfaction ,and the emergence of families with no children. Furthermore, the path analysis indicated that in terms of the value of beta (β), a total of %59 of the changes in marital relations (R²₌0/59), depends on the use of virtual social networks.  

Abstract Violence against women at home and in society in all countries has always been perceived as a concern. Much research has been done, but because of their different methods and theories, no one has found a new path for the future studies. In this meta-analysis, after classifying the theories of 22 applied studies in this field, we distinguished the most used of them and their methods as well. With classifying the hypotheses, we realized that the theoretical relevance and theoretical model were hardly consistent and the sources, learning and feminist theories were the most useful ones in the hypothetical model. At the end with the use of statistical methods, the role of the three theories in explaining the hypotheses were examined our proposals were grouped based on the economic, educational and gender status.