Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract In Iran, like other societies, along with the process of globalization and the country's development process, the rate of exploitation and destruction of nature. It is expected that the institution of education and especially higher education works in the direction of building culture for the optimal use of nature and the realization of a healthy and sustainable environment. This paper is theoretically based on John Hannigan's theory and on thematic analysis method in terms of research orientation. Participants in the research include ten managers of the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, as well as agents of the Environmental Protection Organization, who were selected through a targeted sampling and then interviewed in depth.  First of all, the respondents pointed to the fact that, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology has not done any special activity regarding environmental sustainability. In the second stage, in response to the question of what kind of activities the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology can do in this field, comments were gathered. Using McQuida software, 99 codes were extracted from the findings. Then by classifying the codes into 13 categories, including the planned intervention of the government, paying attention to the principle of cultural continuity, territorial planning, public awareness and education, creating discourse in universities, strengthening organizations Madani, Prioritizing research on sustainable environment, Development of environment-oriented educational programs, strengthening inter-sectoral cooperation in the direction of sustainable environment, synergy and alignment, taking advantage of the role of experts, capacity building through media and green management were identified.
 

Abstract The main object of the article is to study the problem of alienation from the law in Iranian culture. We thus study the state of the law in the university as one of the most important institutes for educating the legitimate citizen. Then, we have done two types of research about the culture of the university. First, we have researched students’ transgressions in the fields of politics, morality, and education. Second, we did research the professors’ confrontation with the surveillance laws on their process of scientific quality. Consequently, Iranian universities, as one of the most important institutes to educate professional subjects and legitimate citizens are producing alien subjects to university laws. Therefore, if in modern western culture, based on the consumer culture, the law is to defend individualism, in Iran the transgression against the law is to defend the self and it has ended in a reverse individualism.

Abstract Discrimination and ethnic inequality against the Kurds have been the subject of concerns and public debate both inside and outside of Iran for decades, but the ethnic experiences of the Kurds within the social fields of Iran including universities have rarely been the subject of empirical studies. So, we applied the exploratory approach to the study of the ethnic lived experience of Kurdish students in  the Iranian universities, focusing on the experiences of discrimination and inequality in four universities including Tabriz, Tehran, Allamah, and Kurdistan. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 Kurdish students. Interviews data were analyzed by thematic analysis, which resulted in 11 main themes and 11 sub-themes. The findings showed that university's experiences for Kurdish students include significant aspects of discrimination, inequality and ethnic exclusion in both formal and informal spheres of university.