Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract Global studies have shown a significant difference between environmental behaviors of men and women have indicated to the role of women in move towards sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to explain and analysis of effective indicators of pro environmental behaviors emphasizing on the role of gender in the citizens of Tehran city. The findings have shown that there are many internal and external factors influencing on environmental behaviors. The current article is a descriptive survey using quantitative content analysis method look to the effective factors of pro environmental behaviors of citizens. The sample size is 641 people and Tehran city is the spatial territory of this study. Data gathered by questionnaire has been analyzed via statistical analysis methods: independent two -sample T test and Pearson correlation coefficient within SPSS software environment. The statistical analysis has shown that the role of gender in pro environmental behaviors is significant.

Abstract Intersectionality explains how systems of domination such as class, gender, and nation converge and reproduce each other. Institutional ethnography is a suitable methodology for analyzing the experience of subordination since it explores people's experience in the context of institutional practices. This research describes Afghan mothers work regarding children's schooling taking into account their social status. National domination system benefits from Afghan women’s illiteracy to confine them in a lingual prison. Thus, Afghan women are put under a lot of pressure in the face of maternal responsibilities, as defined by education institution in the interest of dominant gender, nation, and class. Interview and observation are the main data collection techniques used in this research.

Abstract This article aims at testing Henry Lefebvre's theory of right to the city in Tehran. By adopting a quantitative approach, implications and relevance of the framework and the concepts, as well as the possibility of adding gender as an effective independent variable to the framework will be investigated. The results from a sample of 168 men and women in all 22 municipalities of Tehran indicate that the theory is substantially relevant in Iranian society with a single exception of the concept of production of space. This could be a consequence of culturalpolitical differences in the concept of right and citizenship in different social contexts. Logistic regression analysis also shows that there are gender based differences in the realization of right to the city in Tehran. Women's enjoy less participation and appropriation in the city and gender plays an important role along with class in realization of right to the city.

Abstract Autobiography genre, in its canonical and conventional sense of the word, is a sum of acceptable and legitimate methods and trends in narrating the life story. In other words, this genre foregrounds regulated and specific forms of constituting the life story, and at the same time, excludes alternative forms of doing so. Therefore autobiography genre eventually imposes a normative compulsion on how to constitute a life story; and by doing so, it tries to distinguish the acceptable methods and forms from the unacceptable ones. These foregrounding and exclusion have important consequences and significations if we consider the fact that the conventional and canonical forms of autobiography only make some sorts of subjectivity possible, and hence limits other sorts of subjectivity at the same time. In other words, canonical forms of autobiography insist on constituting certain kinds of life experience, and therefore impose absence on the other kinds. One of the fields in which this absence may have decisive significations, is the category of gender, and more specifically, the category of women's autobiography. That's due to the fact that the canonical field of autobiography has historically excluded the women's life writing from the canon, and therefore has become a distinctive genre only because of this exclusion. In other words, one of the most decisive exclusions in the process of defining autobiography genre is certainly a gender-based exclusion. Thus, introducing women's autobiography can be seen as an act of destabilizing the conventional and canonical genre of autobiography, and at the same time, it may also lead to some alternative forms and spaces for constituting the life experience of women. In this article, by focusing on various students' autobiographies, we've tried to depict and describe these student's struggles for constituting the feminine life story and experience; a struggle which is, more than anything else, carried out by resisting, as well as departing from, the canonical forms of autobiography. 

Abstract This article aims at testing Henry Lefebvre's theory of right to the city in Tehran. By adopting a quantitative approach, implications and relevance of the framework and the concepts, as well as the possibility of adding gender as an effective independent variable to the framework will be investigated. The results from a sample of 168 men and women in all 22 municipalities of Tehran indicate that the theory is substantially relevant in Iranian society with a single exception of the concept of production of space. This could be a consequence of cultural-political differences in the concept of right and citizenship in different social contexts. Logistic regression analysis also shows that there are gender based differences in the realization of right to the city in Tehran. Women's enjoy less participation and appropriation in the city and gender plays an important role along with class in realization of right to the city.