Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract The book «Revisiting the Frankfurt School: Essays on Culture, Media, and Theory», edited by David Berry and released in 2012, explores the Frankfurt School’s influence on the critique of contemporary culture and media. Berry, a noted expert in critical theory, references the concepts of thinkers like Adorno and Horkheimer to examine how media plays a role in perpetuating power dynamics and social control. By merging traditional theories with current topics, the book looks at the function of media in shaping identities and values, connecting the critical viewpoints of the Frankfurt School to today's challenges.
The current article is one of the pieces in this volume, written by Robert E. Babe, a media studies professor at Western University in Ontario. Babe, who has authored nine influential books, including «Cultural Studies and Political Economy», concentrates on analysing the connections between media, power, and societal structures in his research.

Abstract  A song is a poetic-musical format that has been in line with people's requests and interests throughout history. These songs belong to the mass of people and as a result They have the most influence from popular culture. In the 1950s, coinciding with the end of Pahlavi rule, a kind of religious belief was formed among the intellectuals, which was defined exclusively in the face of tyranny; As a result, dealing with sacred images and religious myths became a kind of protest. Therefore, the main focus of this research is document analysis of the dominance of religious beliefs among modern songwriters and how these songwriters deal with sacred images and analysis of prominent songs with the theme of religious myths. The result of this research shows that the interest in depicting religious images in the songs of the second Pahlavi era has an apocalyptic aspect, and the singer seeks to find similarities between his era and the era of the saints with an allegorical view.