Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract The present study is organized for the empirical test of religious market theory. In the main formulation of the religious market theory, the reduction of the Government Regulation of Religion in society fosters religious pluralism, religious pluralism creates competition, and competition between religious firms or institutions leads to the more and more efficient supply of religious products, and that as a result overall religiosity and religious vitality will increase in the whole society. This argument of the religious market theory was formulated as a hypothesis that the government regulation of religion is negatively related to religious commitment.
To examine the empirical validity of this theory, the hypothesis was confronted with secondary data from 179 countries to assess the degree of conformity and correspondence of the religious market theory prediction with empirical evidence. Overall, the findings of this cross-national research could not provide significant and reliable support for the religious market theory in explaining the variance of religious commitment levels.
 
 

Abstract In order to study the interrelationship between science and industry (ISI), a systemic model based on Parsons AGIL is presented. Then, using data from 128 countries, correlation and regression between the main factors of the model were evaluated using SPSS software. Finally, with the use of national data and surveys, the current situation in Iran is assessed more scrutinizingly. Research findings show a direct and very high impact of economic conditions and higher education on the interrelationships between science and industry, an impact of government performance on economic conditions, an effect of political structures on government performance, and a high impact of cultural structures on political structures. Examining Iran's situation shows that the economic and political factors in Iran are not appropriate at all for expanding of interrelationships between science and industry, but cultural and social factors are relatively good for interrelationships between science and industry.
              
 

Abstract Conducting experimental social studies by qualitative method and developmental space and developing these methods has discussed the evaluation of this research and the validity and accuracy of the findings of this research. In particular, this issue is very visible in our country, and the search for sources and articles related to the criteria of qualitative research evaluation and their fingerprinting is a testament to the problematic nature of this issue. This is the concern of the authors in this article. In this research work, three parts of research components, research criteria and research strategies have been separated. By examining components such as researcher characteristics, conceptual framework, background factors, research goals and questions, data collection procedures, data management and analysis, the importance of careful criteria in each of these components It is emphasized. This article insists on the separation of rigor criteria from rigor strategies and, of course, the relationship between the two. To be rigor, a variety of criteria have been proposed by thinkers, some of which are: credibility, transferability, dependability, conformabilty, coherence, sampling adequacy, substantive validity, and ethical validity. Each of these criteria is related with the strategies such as peer debriefing, reflectivity, thick description, member checking, external audies, complexity of analysis, and referential adequacy.
 
 

Abstract The main aim of this article is to examine spatial marginalizing from a political economy point of view. From this point of view, the spatial marginalizing, as a constructed phenomenon, is the result of hidden mechanisms of accumulation and circulation of capital. The point here is that the government is one of the important actors in Iran. The research method is critical, and it uses various existing data.
Also, we attempted to analyze the theoretical implications of the existing data with the guidance of research theory. The results indicate that spatial marginalizing is a consequence of a long history of exclusion with various mechanisms, the most important of which is economic exclusion. Social and cultural exclusion relying on economics normalized and justified the status quo. Accordingly, any confrontation to spatial marginalizing requires attention to macroeconomic relations. Political economy is a link between local and international issues; while spatial marginalizing is declining in the developed world, it is increasing in developing countries.
 
 

Abstract The main aim of this study was to investigate the causes and consequences of domestic violence among the perpetrators of domestic violence in the cities of Tazeh Abad and Javanroud in Kermanshah province, after the 2018 earthquake. The paper also attempted to examine the understanding of the perpetrators of violence from the causes, intervening conditions and contexts of domestic violence, and its consequences. The research method is grounded theory, the required data of which was obtained through semi-structured interviews with 11 perpetrators of domestic violence. Since our methodology is qualitative, we used a purposeful sampling method to select the respondents. By analyzing the gathered data, we extracted 298 concepts, 39 subcategories, and 14 main categories. The findings revealed that authoritarian violence leads to cold relationships in the family, and concealment of disability leads to remorse and personality damage.
 

Abstract Modern urban governance and management emphasize social, cultural, and environmental components rather than physical and economic components. Social harms are one of the main challenges of metropolises today, which requires the efforts of urban management in this area. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the role of modern urban management (based on two components of improving quality of life and establishing urban justice) in reducing social harms among female heads of households in need as social harm. The study method was a mixed method.
Findings show female heads of households are divided into 5 types based on the problems they have in the field of home and family: 1) needy living, 2) distressed future, 3) homeless and unemployed, 4) physically and mentally ill, and 5) in trapped in the home, women were also divided into 5 groups based on problems in the public spheres, which are: 1) lack of security, 2) humiliated, 3) distrustful, 4) sexually abused, 5) compassionate. The most important areas of intervention for urban management and the municipality of Karaj are changes in the perception of female heads of households at the administrative level and in the public sphere, efforts to empower skills, livelihoods and jobs, health services, and time and so on.