Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract The work shift in which the working month is split into two parts of the work/family, has consequences that distinguish it from other jobs. The main purpose of the research is to identify the socio-economic consequences of shift work at Gas Compressor Stations. The research method is qualitative and has been used from 4   focus groups and 11 interviews. The findings of the research showed that the most important positive economic consequences of shift work related to high salaries creating the opportunity for retirement, as well as the opportunity to create a second job. The most important positive social consequences of shift work include the possibility of continuing education of employees, the possibility of spending more leisure time and deep interaction with supervisor and colleagues. The most important negative social consequences of shift work include unfavorable conditions for resting place, conflict between objective and subjective job status, conflict between the role of work-family and the feeling of alienation.    

Abstract Due to the social innate of the human being, loneliness is basically impossible. Society is formed not by "me" but with the “other” which is "you". Bakhtin is one of those who discusses that other`s entity is what makes "self". In this paper, "self" and "other" are discussed in Nima`s thought. By "other", we mean another voice and language other than mine. In addition, the paper attempted to assess different aspects of this issue. For this purpose, the ideas of Michael Bakhtin, a Russian scholar, have been used. The present research was based on the qualitative method and discourse analysis, qualitative content analysis, and sensitivity analysis were also used. The findings showed that Nima, by discussing subjects such as "self" and "other", is one of those post-Constitution  (Mashroutiat) poets in Iran who works on this subject seriously. But due to his obsession to Hegel`s dialectic, in later stages of his work, Nima seizes the difference between "I" and "other" to the benefit of a unified, coherent and unique world.

Abstract Max Weber put forward the most important philosophical question of methodology in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century: "What is the meaning and nature of objectivity in social and cultural sciences?" By using the neo-Kantian concept of "value relation" Weber prevailed over the positivistic dichotomy of "value freedom" and "value judgment" and helped to establish cultural science and its objectivity. We need more philosophical reviews to understand and analyze the importance, and meanwhile, the weaknesses of "value relation" for capturing objectivity in cultural sciences. Following his previous philosophers, such as Rickert, Max Weber could manage the job by returning to Kant. However, there are few references to Kant in his methodological writings. This article intends to have a systematic review of Max Weber's thought and analyze the Kantian value relation of objectivity in his ideas with an emphasis on its transcendental dimension. From the methodological point of view, the analysis of transcendental and Kantian objectivity of Max Weber belongs in the realm of the philosophy of social sciences. Looking at Max Weber's objectivity with regard to Kantian transcendental view showed that value as a limit and a priori condition is a condition of formation and meanwhile, condition for understanding cultural objects.  Therefore taking into account that value relation is the condition of objectivity of research, but it is essentially a subjective condition.    

Abstract Suicide refers to a deliberate and conscious action of ending the person's life. The evidence suggested that the suicide rate is increasing in the contemporary world. This phenomenon is considered a social problem, a high-risk behavior, and a disease by sociologists, criminologists, psychologists, and physicialus. The present article attempted to investigate the failed suicide attempts of women in the city of Ilam using the grounded theory. The research population was the women Iranian who committed suicide. After doing twenty interviews, we reached theoretical saturation. To measure the research reliability, 3 techniques were used: analytical comparison, respondents' opinions, and experts' opinions. In the end, the main hypothesis was extracted by analyzing and coding the interviews. Findings revealed that the reasons for suicide were: tension in life, dysfunctional families, belief in change, belief in freedom, economic context, incomplete social-religious socialization, normative pressure, and normative contradiction with reality.

Abstract The family institution, like other social institutions, undergoes a far-reaching change during coping with the great evolutions. The evolutions such as the marketization of contemporary life and its inevitable consequences, including individualism, consumerism, personal development, and progress have created a new situation, in which the family should reflect on the social roles and norms. The “divorce institution” is the other side of the family. This paper examined the existing data using the semi-structured interview technique. The findings showed that in order to decrease the damage, it is necessary to establish a divorce institution. A divorce is an end of a family and it also can end the family institution due to its social consequences. Therefore, it can be said that establishing the divorce institution will stabilize the family institution.      

Abstract According to the traditional definition, motherhood is the most important role of a woman. It also says that rearing a child makes women perfect. But a growing consciousness among women as well as the gap between traditional definitions and real experiences of motherhood have made people pay more attention to motherhood experiences and redefine this role.  In this article, we compared women’s prior conceptions of motherhood with their present experiences using the qualitative method. The study group was selected from the young unemployed mothers in Dowlat Abad neighborhood. Since our sampling method was conceptual, we put aside the two factors of education and tendency towards religion. Moreover, to gather the data, we used in-depth and semi-structured interview techniques. Findings showed that tendency towards to be a mother and learning the motherhood role was common to the study group. Furthermore,  educated mothers, regardless of their religious attitude, were openly critical of the current meaning of motherhood; and they also were active in following their personal interests. The religiously educated mothers felt a smaller gap between their conceptions and their motherhood experiences, compared to the educated mothers with a low tendency towards religion. In addition, the majority of mothers believed that the motherhood role is a tough, rewardless and complicated role which includes the least privileges and the most responsibilities. And they also maintained that the society, government, and fathers should help them do their duties.
 
 

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