Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract Ethical dishonesty in social research, though to a slight degree, can undermine the foundations of social science and weaken its investigative, critical and truth-finding role. To analyze the possible ethical dishonesties and understand the normative space of research in Iranian social science, the present study employs documentary method for collecting and analyzing the published statements of researchers in this field. The findings of the present research show that norm-violation in research ethics in Iranian social science has individual and structural dimensions. In the individual dimension, a lack of commitment to the ethics research at personal and professional levels (in relation to the form and content of research, research organization, and the violation of scientific and professional norms and rules of conducting research) is of importance. In the structural dimension, abuse of institutional and organizational ethics and professional rules and commitments in relation to the research and researcher (selecting subject, doing assignment, refereeing, confirming, and reporting) is of significance. According to the findings, ethical dishonesty in the space of research in Iranian social science is the result of the interaction between of agents (researcher) and institutional construct (including rules and norms and resources) which facilitate norm violation. The result is that dishonesty in the research ethics follows a duality of structure in the space of Iranian science and is affected by the structural characteristics of the institution of science in Iran in the period under study.

Abstract With the increase of computer-related deviant behaviors and formation of new crime, individuals and society have come across many threats. The current study tries to explain computer related offences among students of Mazandaran University, with the use of Akers' Social Learning Theory. Having done a survey, we distributed a questionnaire between 403 students whom had been selected by the use of proportional stratified sampling. The population was the whole students of the University in 2012-2013. Computer Offences variable consists of three dimensions: ‘against data & system’, ‘identity theft’ and ‘cultural’. Independent variables consists of differential association, differential reinforcement, definitions and imitation and their effects on computer offences are examined. Data is analyzed by “lisrel” and “Spss” software. The findings of SEM demonstrate that the relationships between differential association and differential reinforcement and computer-related offences are significant. The differential association, however, has the strongest effect on it (Beta= 0/41).

Abstract Social networks are a combination of social relationships and trust is assumed to be one of the main features of social relationships. Distrust brings about lack of cooperation and chaos in society. As a result, the present research aims at creating and eroding trust in different network structures. As interactions are taken place in social relationships, the way in which we select other trustees can be influential in the formation of trust. The two important factors for agents to select their interaction trustees are: the intensity of trust in social relationships and the history of interaction. Thus, in the present research three strategies are applied for selecting trustees in an interaction and they are all based on trust in a relationship: selecting relationships with strong, medium and weak trust. Trustees’ responses are grouped under two headings: random and trust- based responses. To study precisely such a situation, agent- based modeling is used because it helps understand processes and mechanisms and even artificial experiments. In the two network structures, four types of status are designed for the model. Each status is run 300 rounds and in 100 time units. The model output was analyzed by the use of SPSS and Matlab soft wares. Findings indicate that agents with strong strategies have the most capability in developing trust than those with weak strategy. It is also impossible to accumulate trust in a relationship within networks which agents respond randomly. Conversely, in the networks that agents’ responds is based on trust, we witness trust accumulation in long term period. In comparison to the cluster network, trust in central networks is more likely to erode.

Abstract In this article, we would like to study the works of four prominent figures of religious fundamentalism in contemporary Iran and to achieve a pattern that represents the theoretical elements of this kind of political Islamism. To do this, the thematic analysis is used. Here, the text data is described, organized and interpreted and then the categories are driven from it. When the common categories are found, they are supported thematically. This process continues until a local and thematic pattern is designed. This pattern which is located in the scope of Iranian political sociology represents the ideas of social and political elites and actors of fundamentalism in Iran.

Abstract Relying on a phenomenological, inductive and exploratory approach, the present paper has been aimed at discovering men’s understanding of sexual jealousy and the situations and moments in which men feel and act zealously or remain stolid about their related females in their everyday life. We have used grounded theory as a qualitative research method. Data were collected through interviews and direct observation. The population under study includes Tehrani men aged between 20-40 years old. We have employed theoretical sampling method. We interviewed 25 men and 5 women as our sample. According to the research results, Gheirat can best be defined as men’s anxiety about levels of women’s objectification and self-objectification. By objectification, we mean reducing a woman’s whole existence to her sexuality and treating her body as a sexual object through some actions like gazing into a woman, teasing her, bodily contacts, engaging in insincere emotional relationship with her, mingling or socializing, and different levels of sexual relationships. Self-objectification also refers to the voluntary or non-voluntary but active role of women in such experiences. Iranian men experience differential degrees of anxiety towards their related females’ levels of objectification and self-objectification. A combination of the men's perception of the interaction space and the situation of the related women and other men play a decisive role in provoking different emotions and their corresponding actions. Therefore, some levels of Gheirat are to be considered as cultural and situated rather than innate emotion.

Abstract Violence against women at home and in society in all countries has always been perceived as a concern. Much research has been done, but because of their different methods and theories, no one has found a new path for the future studies. In this meta-analysis, after classifying the theories of 22 applied studies in this field, we distinguished the most used of them and their methods as well. With classifying the hypotheses, we realized that the theoretical relevance and theoretical model were hardly consistent and the sources, learning and feminist theories were the most useful ones in the hypothetical model. At the end with the use of statistical methods, the role of the three theories in explaining the hypotheses were examined our proposals were grouped based on the economic, educational and gender status.

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