Iranian Journal of Sociology

Abstract Tehran is a city which is being reproduced, constantly.This means that the contemporary Tehran  was formed when a new logic dominated  this reproduction process. This research studied the history of Tehran with a genealogical perspective to find the previous logics and make a clear image of contemporary order of the city, and how and why this order has been generated. From 1989 with the changes in the government’s economic approaches, and in the urban management, a relation has been formed in which the city and space as commodities are being traded. This capitalistic relation is provided by suspension of urban rules. This new form of urban informality becomes possible with help of  the urban projects and the authority of management institutions like the Commission of the Fifth Article. Using the theory of urbanization of capital by David Harvey, and the theory of urban informality by Ananya Roy & Nezar AlSayyad, this research tries to analyze the new logic of Tehran and the role of effective factors and forces.    

Abstract The present research attempts to review different approachs and examine the effects of the distribution of cultural, political, social, and material opportunities on individuals' healthy behaviours, using the theoretical pattern of super behavioural function.We did a survey and collected data from different parts of Tehran. To analyze the data, Structural Equation Modeling was carried out. The results demonstrated that the residents of the developed parts of Tehran look more after their health. Furthermore, of the excisting opportunity in the society, social opportunities and cultural opportunities affect the health behaviour of the Tehrani citizens more than the other opportunities. In addition, the political and opportunities and material opportunities influence their healthy behaviour directtly and indirectly.       

Abstract Regarding the importance of maintaining and enhancing family members relationships during the period of imprisonment, the present paper uses a survey method to examine the relationships between stigma (independent variable), the quality of family members relationships (mediating variable), and lack of mental health of family members (outcome variable). The variables became operational as follow: The stigma in two dimensions of interaction and gender; the quality of family members' relationships in three dimensions of wife-husband relationships, mother-child relationships, and father-child relationships; and mental health in three dimensions of depression, anxiety of female head of household, and children conduct disorder. The systematic sampling was used and included 222 women head of households supported by the Center for the Protection of Prisoners in Tehran. Based on findings in the range of 1 to 6, the average quality of family members' relationships was 3.6 and it was moderate. The increase in the stigma was accompanied by a reduction in the quality of family members' relationships. Also, the increase in the stigma led to an increase in the level of lack of mental health in the families. Decreasing the quality of family members' relationships was also associated with an increase in lack of mental health status. According to the results of multivariate analysis, 15% of changes in the variance of women's depression were explained with the entry of the quality of wife-husband relationships, and the quality of mother-child relationships, 14% of variations in women's anxiety variable were explained with the entry of quality of mother- child relationships, and the number of people who are supported by the mother, and 23.4% of the variance of children's conduct disorder was explained with entering the quality variables of the father-child relationship, the quality of mother-child relationship and household income per capita.    

Abstract The main aim of the present study was to provide a sociological analysis of the formation and transformation of the religious general sphere in Safavid era. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the theory of general sphere proposed by Habermas.The method adopted by the present study was socio-historical. This paper is a socio-historical study and the data collection was done through library and documental research method. It was found that the religious general sphere was formed with representation of the position of the Perfect Master (King) in mosques in Shah Tahmasp’s period. Deputation-based Generality was institutionalized in the public opinion with advertising the lordship of and attributing godly characteristics to the Perfect Master in tales and stories, and was represented with mechanisms such as taking part in religious rites and rituals. From Shah  Abbas’s period onward, the Deputation-based Generality was gradually taken from the Perfect Master and given to the religious scholars as the public representatives.
 

Abstract The family has undergone far-reaching changes in the recent decades. The development of modern elements has increased the rate of these changes, and caused some problems for the family. Using a sociological approach, the present reseach has studied the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the emergence of changes in marital relationships in Tehran, Region No.1. For collecting the data, we did a survey and conducted a questionnair. The population of the study was the resident couples in the mentioned region. The sample population is was selected by using the multi- stage claster method. Finally, we used SPSS software to analyze the gathered data. The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between virtual social networks (independent variable) and emotional divorce, identity incompatibility, Practical permitting, marital dissatisfaction ,and the emergence of families with no children. Furthermore, the path analysis indicated that in terms of the value of beta (β), a total of %59 of the changes in marital relations (R²₌0/59), depends on the use of virtual social networks.  

Abstract The aim objective of this paper is to investigate how being Facebook users can affect both relative deprivation and life satisfaction among active and non-active Facebook users.  To provide an answer, the research data was collected through two different stages; at the first stage we distributed survey questionnaires among 2437 samples in Tehran and examined how being Facebook user can affect relative deprivation among active and non-active Facebook users. In the second stage, and in order to complete the research results we distributed some 288 questionnaires among students at University of Payam Noor, focusing on the question of life satisfaction among active and non-active Facebook users.  In addition, we used direct and participatory observation to examine comments that were provided by Facebook users.  This method would have provided complementary evidence that could evaluate the validity and reliability of the two-stage research results. Some of the results indicate that being an active or non-active Facebook user can culminate into different consequences for the users. In other words, being a non-active Facebook user will increase feeling of relative deprivation.  This is while being a Facebook user not only does not have any effect on the amount of feeling relative deprivation but it will increase the sense of life satisfaction.  The results of direct and participatory observation indicted that some factors such as having a huge number of Facebook friends along with a great number of “likes” on the Facebook pages will bring popularity for the user.  It seems the effects of being a Facebook user among active and non-active ones is related to their trustworthiness and popularity.    

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