M S. zokaei; K. Tavanay Manafi
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March 2013, , Pages 65-91
Abstract
Autobiography genre, in its canonical and conventional sense of the
word, is a sum of acceptable and legitimate methods and trends in narrating
the life story. In other words, this genre foregrounds regulated and specific
forms of constituting the life story, and at the same time, excludes alternative
forms ...
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Autobiography genre, in its canonical and conventional sense of the
word, is a sum of acceptable and legitimate methods and trends in narrating
the life story. In other words, this genre foregrounds regulated and specific
forms of constituting the life story, and at the same time, excludes alternative
forms of doing so. Therefore autobiography genre eventually imposes a
normative compulsion on how to constitute a life story; and by doing so, it tries
to distinguish the acceptable methods and forms from the unacceptable ones.
These foregrounding and exclusion have important consequences and
significations if we consider the fact that the conventional and canonical forms
of autobiography only make some sorts of subjectivity possible, and hence
limits other sorts of subjectivity at the same time. In other words, canonical
forms of autobiography insist on constituting certain kinds of life experience,
and therefore impose absence on the other kinds. One of the fields in which
this absence may have decisive significations, is the category of gender, and
more specifically, the category of women's autobiography. That's due to the
fact that the canonical field of autobiography has historically excluded the
women's life writing from the canon, and therefore has become a distinctive
genre only because of this exclusion. In other words, one of the most decisive
exclusions in the process of defining autobiography genre is certainly a genderbased
exclusion. Thus, introducing women's autobiography can be seen as an
act of destabilizing the conventional and canonical genre of autobiography, and
at the same time, it may also lead to some alternative forms and spaces for
constituting the life experience of women. In this article, by focusing on various
students' autobiographies, we've tried to depict and describe these student's
struggles for constituting the feminine life story and experience; a struggle
which is, more than anything else, carried out by resisting, as well as departing
from, the canonical forms of autobiography.
Gholamreza Ghafari; Nariman Yousefi
Abstract
Widespread labor force participation is a prerequisite for sustainable development and welfare in society and gender unequal opportunities are structural barriers for women s economic participation. Therefore, the economic actions of the female who constitute half of the population are of significant. ...
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Widespread labor force participation is a prerequisite for sustainable development and welfare in society and gender unequal opportunities are structural barriers for women s economic participation. Therefore, the economic actions of the female who constitute half of the population are of significant. This article, using gender inequality theories and secondary data of the World Economic Forum and International Labour Organization, studies the effect of gender unequal opportunities on the female labor force participation. To test the research hypotheses, data from 143 countries all over the world in 2017 was analyzed. The research findings showed that there was a significant positive association between the female labor force participation and gender unequal opportunity (r=0/508 and sig=0/000).Furthermore, linear regression analysis demonstrated that about 42% of women's economic participation rate is explained by economic, educational, and political dimensions of gender unequal opportunities.
Rashid Hashemi; Farhang Ershad; Seyfollah Seyfollahi; Firoz Rad
Abstract
This interdisciplinary and analytical article attempted to provide an interpretation for Ahmad Shamlou’s poems from a sociological point of view. For this purpose, we used two different fields: sociology and Persian literature. The theoretical framework was a combination of various approaches to ...
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This interdisciplinary and analytical article attempted to provide an interpretation for Ahmad Shamlou’s poems from a sociological point of view. For this purpose, we used two different fields: sociology and Persian literature. The theoretical framework was a combination of various approaches to structuralism. In addition, we employed Foucault's discourse analysis and Laclau's critical discourse analysis as our research method. The findings revealed that Shamlou’s works have an ideological, semantic and linear determination. As a result, his works are structuralistic and therefore, it is impossible to read them differently. The results also showed that Persian literature has a high capacity to address and interpret human and social issues. Plus, the present paper underlines the importance of interdisciplinary studies.
sociology
Zahra Feizi; Allah Karam Karamipour; Hasan Mohaddesi Kilvaei
Abstract
This article has been done with a qualitative methodological approach and with the method of narrative analysis. The participant sample is acute religious conversion in Tehran who have been selected by purposive sampling by a snowball method. In this؛ narrative interviews were conducted with 20 of these ...
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This article has been done with a qualitative methodological approach and with the method of narrative analysis. The participant sample is acute religious conversion in Tehran who have been selected by purposive sampling by a snowball method. In this؛ narrative interviews were conducted with 20 of these modifiers؛ 19 of whom provided accurate information about their conversion؛ and the research was saturated with this number. The findings showed that in the set of causes؛ the causes of socio-political؛ social-psychological؛ social-relationship were the most common causes of religious conversion among modifiers. This study showed that the stages of conversion in Tehran are different from what is stated in the theories of the scholars such as Rambo؛ Lofland؛ and Stark. The bottom line is that socio-political instability and insecurity and psychological turmoil are the most important explanatory causes for religious conversion
M. A. Ahmadzadeh
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March 2016, , Pages 71-88
Abstract
This article attempts to show how the translation process at Nasir al-din Shah's
period can be concerned as an interaction between minds and languages of
translators. We would like to compare the original European texts with their
understandings by Iranian translators, as through this comparison, ...
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This article attempts to show how the translation process at Nasir al-din Shah's
period can be concerned as an interaction between minds and languages of
translators. We would like to compare the original European texts with their
understandings by Iranian translators, as through this comparison, many of the
shortcomings and problems of the minds and languages of translators and
Iranian intellectuals will be determined. In order to explain the above problem, I
used the method of text analysis and linguistic concepts by referring to certain
methodological theories and patterns of discourse analysis of Laclau and Mouffe
and Michel Foucault's theories. In fact, the Language of translation is the most
important arena for social interaction and its powerful presence helped represent
and visualize our understanding of self and the European world. Research
findings show that translation as one of the main transmission channels of
understanding played an important role in introducing the process of change and
transformation of the European texts, and helped for progressive goals of some
political and cultural figures of the era of Nasir al-din shah, but the language and
intellectual barriers and the administration's policy led to some failures.
However, the Iranian society continued this attempt in various forms. New
concepts adopted in the form of publications and newspaper articles and new
versions of modern developments helped the cultural and social activist groups
understanding the socio-political and intellectual changes in Europe in
nineteenth century.
S.A Nabavi; R Karim-dost; Z Bahraninejad
Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2010, , Pages 1-27
H. Akbari; A. MirMohammad Tabar
Volume 18, Issue 1 , January 0, , Pages 69-98
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to analyze women's fear and feeling of insecurity in Mashhad city's urban spaces and recognize the effects of spatial, situational and personal factors on this feeling. To create the theoretical framework of the research, we combined the theories of urban spaces and ...
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The main purpose of this study was to analyze women's fear and feeling of insecurity in Mashhad city's urban spaces and recognize the effects of spatial, situational and personal factors on this feeling. To create the theoretical framework of the research, we combined the theories of urban spaces and feeling of security. We did a survey and gathered the data using a questionnaire. By the use of the multi-stage cluster sampling, we selected 4025 women from Mashhadi women community, aged 15 and above in 13 districts. The findings showed that 42 per cent of Mashhadi women felt this insecurity "less", while 33 per cent of them felt it "the most". Plus, the regression analysis revealed the influential variables on women's feeling insecurity in Mashhad's urban spaces. These factors are listed in the order of importance: abnormal behaviors in the neighborhood, the existence of unsafe urban spaces, household's average income, violence experience in the neighborhood, not the wearing veil, place of residence, the existence of deviant spaces in the neighborhood, and light of alleys and streets. Furthermore, we might say that the performance of independent variables could be different in various women's age groups.
M.T Sabzei; N. Amiri; A. Kivani
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July 2017, , Pages 70-94
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to provide a sociological analysis of the formation and transformation of the religious general sphere in Safavid era. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the theory of general sphere proposed by Habermas.The method adopted by the present study was ...
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The main aim of the present study was to provide a sociological analysis of the formation and transformation of the religious general sphere in Safavid era. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the theory of general sphere proposed by Habermas.The method adopted by the present study was socio-historical. This paper is a socio-historical study and the data collection was done through library and documental research method. It was found that the religious general sphere was formed with representation of the position of the Perfect Master (King) in mosques in Shah Tahmasp’s period. Deputation-based Generality was institutionalized in the public opinion with advertising the lordship of and attributing godly characteristics to the Perfect Master in tales and stories, and was represented with mechanisms such as taking part in religious rites and rituals. From Shah Abbas’s period onward, the Deputation-based Generality was gradually taken from the Perfect Master and given to the religious scholars as the public representatives.
M. Shiani; F. Sedighi
Volume 15, Issue 4 , December 2014, , Pages 71-110
Abstract
Citizenship is not only a social status but also a social role which, based on the
way it is perceived, the agent influence their position. The citizenship role, like
any other social role, is composed of the norms which form the underlying rights
and obligations in it. In every society, the kind ...
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Citizenship is not only a social status but also a social role which, based on the
way it is perceived, the agent influence their position. The citizenship role, like
any other social role, is composed of the norms which form the underlying rights
and obligations in it. In every society, the kind of attitude towards these norms
stabilizes a special kind of citizenship status. In this article, to design a
normative pattern, we review the political and sociological literature. For this
purpose, the citizenship role is divided into two parts of rights and obligations
and then three ethical, social and legal normative groups have been identified in
this role. After construction of the mentioned pattern, the following question is
investigated: what is our citizens’ attitude towards the constructed pattern? We
employed a survey and questionnaires to gather the data. The population was
Tehrani citizens above 18 years old and 401 respondents were selected as the
sample. The findings indicate that the highest positive attitude is for the legal
norms and the least degree of positive attitudes is for ethical norms. The findings
make our pattern more similar to the Eastern Europe's norms of citizenship.
Mohammad Reza Pouyafar
Abstract
In the sociology of religion, the study of types of religious experiences is of significant importance. Accordingly, the typology of pilgrimage experiences was the main focus of this qualitative empirical study. For this purpose, interview techniques and field observations were used and 28 interviews ...
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In the sociology of religion, the study of types of religious experiences is of significant importance. Accordingly, the typology of pilgrimage experiences was the main focus of this qualitative empirical study. For this purpose, interview techniques and field observations were used and 28 interviews were done with respondents. We used a combination of indigenous religiosity models, William James's theory as our conceptual framework and focused on the dimensions of attitudes, behaviors, and emotions. The research findings showed various religious experiences in all three dimensions of the pilgrimage experience. Accordingly, the five types of "traditional -habitual pilgrimage", "ritualistic-Sharia pilgrimage", "emotional-spiritual pilgrimage", "functionalist pilgrimage" and "rationalist pilgrimage" were identified.
V GHasemi; R. Samim
Volume 9, 1,2 , March 2008, , Pages 80-101
Abstract
Some sociologists have Pouinted out how people use music and art display to show their social status. They all suggest cultural consumption and taste can be seen as symbolic communication and a means of establishing social relationships, networks and status groups. It has also been argued that the symbolic ...
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Some sociologists have Pouinted out how people use music and art display to show their social status. They all suggest cultural consumption and taste can be seen as symbolic communication and a means of establishing social relationships, networks and status groups. It has also been argued that the symbolic communication or status is much more important in modern times and urban environment, because of the frequency of superficial social contacts in these locations. This article, studies the relationship between social Language Challenge, Nostalgia, and Weakening Network. Finally, Reconstructing/deconstructing were the core category constructed from data to explain the impact that modernization consequences has on the Ouramat region. The people of Ouraman perceived modernization consequences as bestowing the modern ways of life and growth of the region while simultaneously threatening cultural beliefs and the traditional way of life. The results are presented in a paradigm model consisting of conditions, interactions and consequences around the core category and can be used to understand the impact of change from the introduction of modern education can have on a traditional society.
Z. Rezaei Nasab; M.T. Sheykhi; F. Jamili
Volume 18, Issue 4 , November 2018, , Pages 82-107
Abstract
Suicide refers to a deliberate and conscious action of ending the person's life. The evidence suggested that the suicide rate is increasing in the contemporary world. This phenomenon is considered a social problem, a high-risk behavior, and a disease by sociologists, criminologists, psychologists, and ...
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Suicide refers to a deliberate and conscious action of ending the person's life. The evidence suggested that the suicide rate is increasing in the contemporary world. This phenomenon is considered a social problem, a high-risk behavior, and a disease by sociologists, criminologists, psychologists, and physicialus. The present article attempted to investigate the failed suicide attempts of women in the city of Ilam using the grounded theory. The research population was the women Iranian who committed suicide. After doing twenty interviews, we reached theoretical saturation. To measure the research reliability, 3 techniques were used: analytical comparison, respondents' opinions, and experts' opinions. In the end, the main hypothesis was extracted by analyzing and coding the interviews. Findings revealed that the reasons for suicide were: tension in life, dysfunctional families, belief in change, belief in freedom, economic context, incomplete social-religious socialization, normative pressure, and normative contradiction with reality.
R. Zakeri-Hamane; S. A. Afshani; A. Askari-Nodoushan
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2012, , Pages 83-110
Abstract
The Sense of Security is considered as a prerequisite for social,
economic, cultural and political development. Social capital is also an
important factor that plays a crucial role in the course of cultural and
economic development. The present paper examines relationships between
social capital ...
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The Sense of Security is considered as a prerequisite for social,
economic, cultural and political development. Social capital is also an
important factor that plays a crucial role in the course of cultural and
economic development. The present paper examines relationships between
social capital and the sense of social security in the city of Yazd. Data was
collected through a survey questionnaire administered in the face to face
interview conducted in 2011, with a sample of 246 respondents selected
through the proportionate cluster sampling technique.
The sense of social security is measured with twelve components including
the sense of physical security, financial security, economic security, job
security, moral security, cultural security, emotional security, affective
security, belief-related security, judicial security, legal security, and honor
security. Social capital is also measured in three dimensions of social trust,
social networks and social norms.
Findings of the study indicate that there is a positive and significant
relationship between three dimensions of social capital and the sense of
social security. The results show that sustainable forms of social security are
formed under the condition that there is a high degree of social capital in the
society. As a result, strengthening of social capital in the society will
reinforce the individual and community's sense of security and at the same
time can facilitate comprehensive development of society.
zahra Baradarankashani; Mahdi kermani; Majid Foladian
Abstract
This study intends to focus on the queue, as one of the semiotic resources in the young girls' educational experiences, to represent the semantic system formed in the intersubjectivity space of the social actors. In this regard, the narratives of thirteen young Mashhadi girls from the queue have been ...
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This study intends to focus on the queue, as one of the semiotic resources in the young girls' educational experiences, to represent the semantic system formed in the intersubjectivity space of the social actors. In this regard, the narratives of thirteen young Mashhadi girls from the queue have been analyzed based on the social semiotic approach of Van Leeuwen. The results of this study showed that the queue as an arena for disciplinary power introduces students to the educational process, which consists of a set of unequal and mainly stereotypical interactions, and with a high concentration on the continuity of its formal symbols. This process ultimately leads students to a kind of subjugation and alienation. In other words, the queue, which appears to be a means of teaching law in the school, in practice, draws students to passive and disempowering processes. As a result, they see their education separate from themselves and ultimately become subordinate actors.
Mohammad Fazeli; Mitra Kalantari
Volume 13, Issue 13 , March 2012, , Pages 84-108
Abstract
A political culture consistent with democracy is a strengthening element of democratic consolidation and due to this fact is important in current political research. Analyzing developments in political culture of societies is also a major strand of political culture studies. This article analyzes the ...
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A political culture consistent with democracy is a strengthening element of democratic consolidation and due to this fact is important in current political research. Analyzing developments in political culture of societies is also a major strand of political culture studies. This article analyzes the prevalence of democratic values of moderation, freedom, and participation in three generations of people in the city of Sari, situated in north of Iran. A collection (17-34 years old), the second one (48 years old or higher) are compared in terms of their democratic values. The sample size is 380 and the questionnaire is used for data gathering. The findings of the research are also compared with similar data from elsewhere in Iran. Evidences show the presence of high democratic values and expectations among all three generations, while exhibiting considerable changes in political values and attitudes of people during last five years (2005 to 2010). The article is a challenge for all who think political culture of Iran as an authoritarian one with strong non-democratic values. It is also challenging for the idea of constant value scheme of generations. It seems generations can develop new values alongside social changes they are contributing to.
M. Parsamehr; R. Torkan
Volume 10, Issue 3 , September 2009, , Pages 85-105
Abstract
This article attempts to examine factors influencing students’ fanatic support for the Iranian football league. Aided by a questionnaire, this survey research was conducted on a sample with a volume of 232 students enrolled at YazdUniversity. The students were selected via random systematic sampling ...
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This article attempts to examine factors influencing students’ fanatic support for the Iranian football league. Aided by a questionnaire, this survey research was conducted on a sample with a volume of 232 students enrolled at YazdUniversity. The students were selected via random systematic sampling and cross-sectional methods. The Cronbach’s alpha was obtained to be at 0.825. Results indicate the existence of a significant relationship between role model and fanatic support for soccer teams. Moreover, between the amount of mass media consumption and fanatic support for the soccer teams, a significant relationship was found. Nonetheless, no indication of a relationship was seen between socio-economic status and the act of fanatic support. Nor was there any relationship between the majoring area of the students and fanatic support for the soccer teams. In addition, in our study we found out that fanatic support for the teams was gender sensitive in that it differed according to the students’ gender.
Ali Khosravi; Soraya Meamar
Abstract
Studies on Iranian modernity and historical sociology are of significance because they deeply influence the other fields of modernity and the state of sociology in Iran. Ebrahim Towfigh is one of the Iranian sociologists who focus on the genealogy of “the present” when examining Iranian modernity ...
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Studies on Iranian modernity and historical sociology are of significance because they deeply influence the other fields of modernity and the state of sociology in Iran. Ebrahim Towfigh is one of the Iranian sociologists who focus on the genealogy of “the present” when examining Iranian modernity and sociological studies. The present article attempts to analyze his works to understand the genealogical studies of “the present” which have determined the state of tradition, modernity, and sociology in Iran. For this purpose, the data from 27 works of Towfigh was gathered using the documentary method and then it was analyzed systematically. The meta-analysis of his works revealed the following concepts: neglecting the systematic relations between knowledge and its power-related nature, reducing the systematic relations between knowledge and the will to power to the relation between knowledge and power block, reducing the knowledge system to a knowledge content, disconnecting discourse of transition, neglecting the representation crisis in the relation between knowledge system and the condition of society, paying no attention to weakening the subject by post-colonial theory, the critique of ideology on behavior level but believing in the radical critique of ideology on cognition level, putting present theory in front of sequential theory. The above concepts, on the one hand, lead to the recognition of the individuality of the present time and on the other hand, they lead to the reproduction of continuity of neglecting the decline. In addition, the aforementioned concepts on the one hand help us become aware of the consequences of post-colonial approach and on the other hand, they lead to subject erosion when reading transition of the present moment by sociology in Iran.
K. Borhani; M. Rafiyan; A. Meshkini
Volume 18, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 86-109
Abstract
With the generalization of neoliberalization in recent decades, some changes have been made in the Third World’s cities to remove barriers to capital accumulation and capital flows. An obvious example is a change in the use of urban space. In this research, we try to present a theoretical model ...
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With the generalization of neoliberalization in recent decades, some changes have been made in the Third World’s cities to remove barriers to capital accumulation and capital flows. An obvious example is a change in the use of urban space. In this research, we try to present a theoretical model explaining the influential factors of the change of urban land use using the approach of the political economy of space. For this purpose, with regard to urban and global factors affecting the land use change, we presented a theoretical model of the political economy. Then, in order to design a theoretical model about influential factors on urban land use change, we combined the urban and global factors. The findings demonstrated that to propose a comprehensive explanatory model, we need to consider the internal factors for the Third World countries.
Ali mohammad Hazeri; Marzie Haji Hashemi
Volume 15, Issue 2 , July 2013, , Pages 87-125
Abstract
In this article, we would like to study the works of four prominent figures of religious fundamentalism in contemporary Iran and to achieve a pattern that represents the theoretical elements of this kind of political Islamism. To do this, the thematic analysis is used. Here, the text data is described, ...
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In this article, we would like to study the works of four prominent figures of religious fundamentalism in contemporary Iran and to achieve a pattern that represents the theoretical elements of this kind of political Islamism. To do this, the thematic analysis is used. Here, the text data is described, organized and interpreted and then the categories are driven from it. When the common categories are found, they are supported thematically. This process continues until a local and thematic pattern is designed. This pattern which is located in the scope of Iranian political sociology represents the ideas of social and political elites and actors of fundamentalism in Iran.
S Ahmadi
Volume 10, Issue 2 , July 2009, , Pages 87-108
Abstract
This research has studied altruism in social relationships and effective causes on it in the yasouj and has attempted to determine rate of the altruism among citizens and to investigate relationships between the altruism to empathy, social responsibility,cost-benefit analysis and demographic variables. ...
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This research has studied altruism in social relationships and effective causes on it in the yasouj and has attempted to determine rate of the altruism among citizens and to investigate relationships between the altruism to empathy, social responsibility,cost-benefit analysis and demographic variables. Research method is cross-sectional survey, statistical society is all of individuals aged 15 through 65, in which 386 subjects were selected by means of random multi - stage sampling. Measurment tool is a questionnaire, that construct validity through factor analysis has been used for determination of the validity and the reliability was measured by means of cronbach alpha coefficient. Research findings in relation to initial purpose, show; rate of altruism, is significantly more than actual mean of altruism. The findings also indicate that there is no significant relationship between empathy and altruism, but social responsibility and cost-reward analysis have significant effect on altruism. Analysis of relationships among variables in regard with dimensions of every variables shows, there is comolex interactions between independent variables to altruism.
I. Khalili; R. Gheransaye
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March 2016, , Pages 89-109
Abstract
In This paper we attempt to explore the historical function of humanities in
general; by considering efforts which are related to the matter of social
reconstruction in some critical periods of Iran's history. Also we focus on the
function of Iranian languages1 in process of social reconstruction, ...
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In This paper we attempt to explore the historical function of humanities in
general; by considering efforts which are related to the matter of social
reconstruction in some critical periods of Iran's history. Also we focus on the
function of Iranian languages1 in process of social reconstruction, the processes
which are continual somehow and discontinued in some phases. Then, it to
answer this question that "what is the historical function of translation in
humanities and social reconstruction in recent Iran?" We start with the period in
which the Arabs conquest of Persia and separate this time period to pre and past-
Ferdowsi, and compare them with the aim of a deep consideration of Ferdowsi's
intention, in order to find out the reasons of his attempts to build up the
reconstruction on the basis of his lingual logics, approach and ideal. Then other
matters of reconstructing, after the Mongol conquest of Persia and after Safavid
dynasty considered and evaluated. Considering the mutual affects of Persian
language and humanities on each other is based on this assumption that
translation has an important and extremely effective role in Persian language and
the sights of its speakers. Findings show that humanities in our countries have
not paid enough attention to cognitive basis of Persian language, in particular,
and to the Persian language and social affair in general. This paper claims that
"the success of humanities is a matter of social reconstruction in Iran which
depends on their attention to the introductory knowledge of the society".
Discussions in this article which are related to translation, derived from a
research program titledas "Social problems of translation and translators in Iran"
and suggest that in the last two centuries, original thoughts have been reduced to
translative ones, which in turn make a "translative mind"; this term refers to any
kind of imitative thoughts, ideas and acts. We cannot expect humanities to
become creative and lead the way in Iranian society, in the present condition.
Fatemeh Javaheri
Volume 9, Issue 3.4 , September 2008, , Pages 89-119
Abstract
: During the recent years we witness some of non-Sociology graduates have been accepted in Sociology at M.A. or Ph.D level. Since studying this subject may improve our knowledge about the condition of sociology in Iran, as well as other related issues, it is considered to be useful. The main aim of this ...
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: During the recent years we witness some of non-Sociology graduates have been accepted in Sociology at M.A. or Ph.D level. Since studying this subject may improve our knowledge about the condition of sociology in Iran, as well as other related issues, it is considered to be useful. The main aim of this article is to explore and analyze the so-called subject.
For this reason, the author attempted to categorize the following questions of the research in three parts:
- How did respondents evaluate their previous field of study?
- How did respondents become interested in Sociology?
-What are respondents current evaluations and orientations towards sociology?
The data collection was carried out in terms of survey method and through interview with 125 individuals who were either Sociology or Social Research students at M.A. /Ph.d level or graduates from the state universities. This research was performed in 1387 (2008) and suggests analysis about some aspects of the subject.
A. Heydari; S. Sarhadi
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September 2012, , Pages 90-115
Abstract
The purpose of present study is to investigate individual/society dualism in Durkheim’s works. Such problematic was introduced by Durkheim in the Division of Labour. ThePresent paper tries to show that Durkheim moved beyond this dualism in his later works. By focusing on moral individualism, at ...
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The purpose of present study is to investigate individual/society dualism in Durkheim’s works. Such problematic was introduced by Durkheim in the Division of Labour. ThePresent paper tries to show that Durkheim moved beyond this dualism in his later works. By focusing on moral individualism, at first he rejects essentialism in Spencer, Comte, utilitarian economists and psychologism. Secondly, he develops a conception of individualism which is meaningful in the context of society, not being opposite to it. In this way according to Durkheim, society is a moral existence and individualism is not based on arbitrary or economic ego, but on social morality. At last, for Durkheim, the main social force for extending moral individualism in modern society is education.
S. Salehi; L. Emamgholi
Volume 13, Issue 4 , December 2013, , Pages 90-115
Abstract
The goal of this research is to measure social capital's
influence and its dimensions (social networks, social norms and social
trust) on environmental behavior. In other words, the main purpose of the
present paper is to answer the questions: Whether the increase and decrease
of social capital result ...
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The goal of this research is to measure social capital's
influence and its dimensions (social networks, social norms and social
trust) on environmental behavior. In other words, the main purpose of the
present paper is to answer the questions: Whether the increase and decrease
of social capital result in any changes in environmental behavior? This is a
survey-method research. The statistic sample includes 440 over 18-year-old
persons in urban areas of Kurdistan Province who have been chosen based
on multistage cluster sampling method. The questionnaire has been the data
gathering tool of the paper. The result of the present paper shows that in
spite of improper situation and restricted environmental facilities in
Kurdistan Province environmentally responsible behavior of the
respondents stand at a high level. Indeed, the finding is indicative of a close
to medium social capital of the people studied. There is positive and direct
relation between social capital and environmental behavior. In other words,
environmental behavior becomes responsible as the social capital rises. At
the end, the paper discusses the possible reasons for lack of social capital.
Zahra Aghajani; Farhad Soleimannezhad
Abstract
Using Karl Popper's critique of positivism and inductivism, we attempted to criticize the main bases of grounded theory. According to grounded theory, social reality can be understood by emptying our mind from any prejudgements and ethical valuation in the research process, but emphasizing on observation, ...
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Using Karl Popper's critique of positivism and inductivism, we attempted to criticize the main bases of grounded theory. According to grounded theory, social reality can be understood by emptying our mind from any prejudgements and ethical valuation in the research process, but emphasizing on observation, paying attention to the differences and similarities of data, and dedcting abstract concepts. We argue that, in practice, this claim is not true and it leads to a distorted social reality. Following these principles makes social researchers become an information worker and not a critic of social reality. Therefore, not only the science of sociology loses its critical aspect but also justifies the status quo.
